Chronic therapy with isosorbide-5-mononitrate causes endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and a marked increase in vascular endothelin-1 expression

Chronic therapy with isosorbide-5-mononitrate causes endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and a marked increase in vascular endothelin-1 expression.

AIMS Isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN) is one of the most frequently used compounds in the treatment of coronary artery disease predominantly in the USA. However, ISMN was reported to induce endothelial dysfunction, which was corrected by vitamin C pointing to a crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in causing this phenomenon. We sought to elucidate the mechanism how ISMN causes endotheli...

Once daily therapy with isosorbide-5-mononitrate causes endothelial dysfunction in humans: evidence of a free-radical-mediated mechanism.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine if isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IS-5-MN) 120 mg, taken once daily for 7 days, is associated with evidence of endothelial dysfunction and whether this effect is determined by increased free radical production. BACKGROUND Tolerance to nitroglycerin is associated with increased free radical production and abnormal endothelial function. To date, no da...

Vascular Dysfunction in Experimental Diabetes Is Improved by Pentaerithrityl Tetranitrate but Not Isosorbide-5-Mononitrate Therapy

OBJECTIVE Diabetes is associated with vascular oxidative stress, activation of NADPH oxidase, and uncoupling of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (endothelial NO synthase [eNOS]). Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) is an organic nitrate with potent antioxidant properties via induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We tested whether treatment with PETN improves vascular dysfunction in the setting of exp...

Inhibition of vascular oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia by eccentric isosorbide mononitrate.

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine if the nitric oxide (NO) donor isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) (200 mg/kg body weight/day) decreases vascular bioavailability of superoxide in atherosclerosis. BACKGROUND Vascular oxidative stress limits the bioavailability of endothelial NO and promotes atherosclerosis, while NO itself exerts antioxidative effects. It is unknown if therapeutic NO impacts on va...

Simultaneous measurement of plasma isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide-2-mononitrate, and isosorbide-5-mononitrate by gas-liquid chromatography.